| Food Insecurity |
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1.0 Ontario Dietitians in Public Health. (2020). No Money for Food is… Cent$less. https://www.odph.ca/centsless
1.1 Tarasuk V, Mitchell A. (2020). Household food insecurity in Canada, 2017-18. Toronto: Research to identify policy options to reduce food insecurity (PROOF). https://proof.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/03/Household-Food-Insecurity-in-Canada-2017-2018-Full-Reportpdf.pdf
1.2 Food Secure Canada. (2020). Growing resilience and equity: A food policy action plan in the context of COVID-19. https://foodsecurecanada.org/sites/foodsecurecanada.org/files/2020-05_-_gre_en_12_49.pdf
1.3 Tarasuk, V. (2020). More Canadians are Food Insecure Than Ever Before - And the Problem is Only Getting Worse. Homeless Hub. https://www.homelesshub.ca/blog/more-canadians-are-food-insecure-ever-and-problem-only-getting-worse
1.4 Ontario Dietitians in Public Health. (2020). What can you do? https://www.odph.ca/what-can-you-do#form_letter_final
1.5 Ontario Society of Nutrition Professionals in Public Health. (2015). Position Statement on Responses to Food Insecurity. https://www.odph.ca/upload/membership/document/2016-02/position-statement-2015-final.pdf#upload/membership/document/2016-02/position-statement-20
1.6 The City of Guelph. (2020). Help the SEED feed more people, even faster with Harve$t Impact fund [News release]. Retrieved from https://www.guelphtoday.com/coronavirus-covid-19-local-news/help-the-seed-feed-more-people-even-faster-with-harvet-impact-fund-2368271
1.7 Kulczyk, T. & Germain, D. (2020). COVID-19 is putting more Canadian children at risk of food insecurity. You can help. Innovating Canada. https://www.innovatingcanada.ca/industry/covid-19-is-putting-more-canadian-children-at-risk-of-food-insecurity-you-can-help/#
1.8 Guelph Community Foundation. (2020). Local charities benefit from over $65K in COVID-19 response funding [News Release]. Retrieved from https://www.guelphtoday.com/coronavirus-covid-19-local-news/local-charities-benefit-from-over-65k-in-covid-19-response-funding-2292071
1.9 Dunn, C. G., Kenney, E., Fleischhacker, S. E., & Bleich, S. N. (2020). Feeding low-income children during the Covid-19 pandemic. New England Journal of Medicine, 382(18), e40.
1.10 Wolfson, J. A., & Leung, C.W. (2020). Food Insecurity and COVID-19: Disparities in Early Effects for US Adults. Nutrients, 12(6), 1648.
1.11 Kirkpatrick, S. I., & Tarasuk, V. (2008). Food insecurity is associated with nutrient inadequacies among Canadian adults and adolescents. The Journal of nutrition, 138(3), 604-612.
1.12 Holben, D. H., & Marshall, M. B. (2017). Position of the academy of nutrition and dietetics: food insecurity in the United States. Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics, 117(12), 1991-2002.
1.13 Donovan, M. (2020). Food insecurity is a serious consequence of COVID-19: a geography professor talks about poverty and the pandemic. Brighter World McMaster University. https://brighterworld.mcmaster.ca/articles/food-insecurity-is-a-serious-consequence-of-covid-19-a-geography-professor-talks-about-poverty-and-the-pandemic/
1.14 Moubarac J. (2017). Ultra-processed foods in Canada: consumption, impact on diet quality and policy implications. Heart & Stroke. https://www.heartandstroke.ca/-/media/pdf-files/canada/media-centre/hs-report-upp-moubarac-dec-5-2017.ashx
1.15 Guelph & Wellington Taskforce for Poverty Elimination. (2016). Position Statement: Household Food Insecurity. https://www.gwpoverty.ca/wp-content/uploads/2016/06/Position-Statement-Household-Food-Insecurity.pdf
1.16 Saul N. (2020). Remarks to Finance Committee - The federal government’s COVID response. Community Food Centres Canada. https://cfccanada.ca/en/News-Events/Latest-News/Announcements/Nick-appears-before-the-Standing-Committee-on-Fina
1.17 Ontario Society of Nutrition Professionals in Public Health. (2015). Income-related Policy Recommendations to Address Food Insecurity. https://www.osnpph.on.ca/upload/membership/document/recommendations-document-final.pdf
1.18 Power, E., Black J., & Brady, J. (2020). More than food banks are needed to feed the hungry during the coronoavirus pandemic. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/more-than-food-banks-are-needed-to-feed-the-hungry-during-the-coronavirus-pandemic-136164?utm_source=guelphtoday.com&utm_campaign=guelphtoday.com&utm_medium=referral
1.19 Dietitians of Canada. (2016). Prevalence, Severity and Impact of Household Food Insecurity: A Serious Public Health Issue. http://www.dietitians.ca/Downloads/Public/HFI-Background-DC-FINAL.aspx
1.20 Statistics Canada. (2020). Food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic, May 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/45-28-0001/2020001/article/00039-eng.pdf
1.21 PROOF Food Insecurity Policy Research. (2017). Food Procurement, Food Skills & Food Insecurity. https://proof.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2017/03/food-procurement-food-skills-food-insecurity-factsheet.pdf
1.22 Toronto Foundation. (2020). Food Insecurity and COVID-19: The Stop Community Food Centre. https://torontofoundation.ca/the-stop-covid19
1.23 Loopstra R, Tarasuk V. The relationship between food banks and household food insecurity among low-income Toronto families. Can Public Policy. 2012;38(4):497-514.
1.24 PROOF Food Insecurity Policy Research. (2019). Relationship Between Food Banks and Food Insecurity in Canada. https://proof.utoronto.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/11/PROOF_FACTSHEET_Foodbanks-112019.pdf
1.25 Leddy, A. M., Weiser, S. D., Palar, K., & Seligman, H. (2020). A conceptual model for understanding the rapid COVID-19-related increase in food insecurity and its impact on health and healthcare. The American journal of clinical nutrition, nqaa226. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1093/ajcn/nqaa226
1.26 Niles, M. T., Bertmann, F., Belarmino, E. H., Wentworth, T., Biehl, E., & Neff, R. (2020). The Early Food Insecurity Impacts of COVID-19. Nutrients, 12(7), 2096. https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12072096
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| Families with Children |
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2.0 Benzies, K., & Mychasiuk, R. (2009). Fostering family resiliency: A review of the key protective factors. Child & Family Social Work, 14(1), 103-114.
2.1/5.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2018). Protective Factors. https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/protective/index.htm
2.2 Masten, A. S. (2014). Global perspectives on resilience in children and youth. Child development, 85(1), 6-20.
2.3 Masten, A.S., Gewirtz, A.H., & Sapienza, J.K. (2013). Resilience in development: the importance of early childhood.
2.4 Zolkoski, S.M. & Bullock, L.M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 2295-2303.
2.5 National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. (2015). Supportive Relationships and Active Skill-Building Strengthen the Foundations of Resilience: Working Paper 13. http://www.developingchild.harvard.edu
2.6 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University. In Brief - The Science of Resilience. https://46y5eh11fhgw3ve3ytpwxt9r-wpengine.netdna-ssl.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/05/InBrief-The-Science-of-Resilience.pdf
2.7 Zolkoski, S.M. & Bullock, L.M. (2012). Resilience in children and youth: A review. Children and Youth Services Review, 34, 2295-2303.
2.8 National Scientific Council on the Developing Child. (2015). Supportive Relationships and Active Skill-Building Strengthen the Foundations of Resilience: Working Paper 13.
2.9 Ungar, Michael; Liebenberg, Linda (2008) Resilience in action: working with youth across cultures and contexts University of Toronto Press
2.10 Afifi, T. O., & MacMillan, H. L. (2011). Resilience following child maltreatment: A review of protective factors. The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry, 56(5), 266-272.
2.11 Benzies, K., & Mychasiuk, R. (2009). Fostering family resiliency: A review of the key protective factors. Child & Family Social Work, 14(1), 103-114.
2.12 Development Services Group, Inc., & Child Welfare Information Gateway. (2015). Promoting protective factors for in-risk families and youth: A guide for practitioners. Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Administration on Children, Youth and Families, Children’s Bureau.
2.13 Center on the Developing Child (2020). Stress, Resilience, and the Role of Science: Responding to the Coronavirus Pandemic. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/stress-resilience-and-the-role-of-science-responding-to-the-coronavirus-pandemic/
2.14 Statistics Canada (2020). Labour Force Survey, April 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200508/dq200508a-eng.htm
2.15 Guelph Family Health Study. Preliminary data from the Impact of COVID-19 Survey, 2020
2.16 Statistics Canada (2020). Study: Impact of Economic Consequences of COVID-19 on Canadians Social Concerns. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200528/dq200528e-eng.htm
2.17 Proof Food Insecurity Policy Research (2020) COVID-19 and Food Insecurity Webinar. https://proof.utoronto.ca
2.18 Statistics Canada (2020). Canadian’s Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200527/dq200527b-eng.htm
2.19 Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction. (2020). Canadians Under 54 Drinking More While at Home Due to COVID-19 Pandemic. News. https://www.ccsa.ca/canadians-under-54-drinking-more-while-home-due-covid-19-pandemic
2.20 Wellington Dufferin Guelph Public Health (WDGPH). FAST Overdose Alert Platform. Guelph, Ontario; 2020; Accessed June 2, 2020
2.21 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). Coping with Stress. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/daily-life-coping/managing-stress-anxiety.html
2.22 World Health Organization (2020). Joint Leaders’ Statement – Violence again children: A hidden crisis of the COVID-19 pandemic. https://www.who.int/news-room/detail/08-04-2020-joint-leader-s-statement---violence-against-children-a-hidden-crisis-of-the-covid-19-pandemic
2.23 Campbell A. M. (2020). An increasing risk of family violence during the Covid-19 pandemic: Strengthening community collaborations to save lives. Forensic Science International: Reports, 2, 100089. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsir.2020.100089
2.24 Catalá-Miñana, A., Lila, M., Oliver, A., Vivo, J. M., Galiana, L., & Gracia, E. (2017). Contextual factors related to alcohol abuse among intimate partner violence offenders. Substance use & misuse, 52(3), 294-302.
2.25 Zahran, S., Shelley, T. O. C., Peek, L., & Brody, S. D. (2009). Natural disasters and social order: Modeling crime outcomes in Florida. International Journal of Mass Emergencies and Disasters, 27(1), 26-52.
2.26 Statistics Canada (2020). Impacts of COVID-19 on Canadians: Parenting During the Pandemic: Data Collection Series
2.27 ACER (2020). Ministerial Briefing Paper on Evidence of the Likely Impact on Educational Outcomes of Vulnerable Children Learning at Home during COVID-19. Submitted to: Australian Government Department of Education, SKills and Employment.
2.28 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2020). What is COVID-19? And How Does it Relate to Child Development? https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/what-is-covid-19-and-how-does-it-relate-to-child-development/
2.29 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2020. Toxic Stress. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/science/key-concepts/toxic-stress/
2.30 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2020). How to Help Families and Staff Build Resilience During the COVID-19 Outbreak. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/how-to-help-families-and-staff-build-resilience-during-the-covid-19-outbreak/
2.31 Sick Kids (2020). Updated COVID-19: Guidances for School Reopenings. https://www.sickkids.ca/PDFs/About-SickKids/81407-COVID19-Recommendations-for-School-Reopening-SickKids.pdf
2.32 Zero to Three. Creating Routines for Love and Learning. https://www.zerotothree.org/resources/223-creating-routines-for-love-and-learning
2.33 Jessor, R. Turbin, M. and Costa, F. (1998) “Risk and protection in successful outcomes among disadvantaged adolescents. Applied Developmental Science (2(4): 194-208.
2.34 O'Sullivan TL, Phillips KP. From SARS to pandemic influenza: the framing of high-risk populations. Nat Hazards (Dordr). 2019;98(1):103-17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-019- 03584-6
2.35 Public Health Ontario (2020). Rapid Review. Negative Impacts of Community-Based Public Health Measures During a Pandemic (e.g., COVID-19)_on Children and Families. https://www.publichealthontario.ca/-/media/documents/ncov/cong/2020/06/covid-19-negative-impacts-public-health-pandemic-families.pdf?la=en
2.36 UNICEF Canada. The impact of COVID-19 on children in Canada: short, medium and long-term mitigation strategies [Internet]. Toronto, ON: UNICEF Canada; 2020 [updated 2020 April 17; cited 2020 May 12]. Available from: https://www.unicef.ca/en/press-release/impact-covid-19-children- canada-short-medium-and-long-term-mitigation-strategies
2.37 Statistics Canada. 2017. Guelph, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Wellington, CTY [Census division], Ontario (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Statistics Canada Catalogue no. 98-316-X2016001. Ottawa. Released May 3, 2017. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E (accessed June 26, 2017).
2.38 Statistics Canada (2020). Statcan COVID-19: Data to Insights for A Better Canada: Food insecurity during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/en/pub/45-28-0001/2020001/article/00039-eng.pdf?st=IvpuV5vF
2.39 Smith, J. A., de Dieu Basabose, J., Browne, D. T., Psych, C., & Stephenson, M. (2020). Family Medicine with Refugee Newcomers During the COVID-19 Crisis.
2.40 Statistics Canada (2020). Statcan COVID-19: Data to Insights for A Better Canada: The social and economic concerns of immigrants during the COVID-19 pandemic
2.41 McMaster University (2020) Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on Ontario Families with Children: Findings from the Initial Lockdown
2.42 City of Toronto (2020) COVID-19: Status of Cases in Toronto. https://www.toronto.ca/home/covid-19/covid-19-latest-city-of-toronto-news/covid-19-status-of-cases-in-toronto/
2.43 Family and Children's Service of Guelph and Wellington. Extracted July, 2020
2.44 Personal Correspondence with Christine Wilson, Guelph-Wellington Women in Crisis. October 2020 .
2.45 Karchut, D. (2020). Why Kids Need Outdoor Play. https://activeforlife.com/why-kids-need-outdoor-play/
2.46 Herrington, S., Pickett, W. (n.d.) Position Statement on Outdoor Active Play https://www.outdoorplaycanada.ca/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/position-statement-on-active-outdoor-play-en.pdf
2.47 Sturdy, J. (n.d.) Screen Time Versus Green Time. https://naturecanada.ca/enjoy-nature/for-children/screen-time-vs-green-time/
2.48 Thomas, E. Y., Anurudran, A., Robb, K., Burke, T.F. (2020). Spotlight on child abuse and neglect response in the time of COVID-19. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7326432/
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| Mental Health |
| 3.0 Canadian Mental Health Association. (n.d.). Mental Health. Retrieved from https://ontario.cmha.ca/mental-health/
3.1 World Health Organization. (n.d.). WHO urges more investments, services for mental health. https://www.who.int/mental_health/who_urges_investment/en/
3.2 Statistics Canada. (2020, May 27). Canadians’ mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200527/dq200527b-eng.htm
3.3 Canadian Mental Health Association, The University of British Columbia (2020). COVID-19 effects on the mental health of vulnerable populations. https://cmha.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/EN_UBC-CMHA-COVID19-Report-FINAL.pdf
3.4 Banerjee, D. & Rai, M. (2020). Social Isolation in COVID-19: The impact of loneliness. International Journal of Social Psychiatry. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1177/0020764020922269
3.5 Harris, K. (2020, April 15). Mental health groups warns of ‘echo pandemic’ among traumatized health workers, vulnerable Canadians. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/mental-health-covid19-cmha-1.5533178
3.6 Galea, S., Merchant, R. M., & Lurie, N. (2020). The Mental Health Consequences of COVID-19 and Physical Distancing. JAMA Intern Med, 180(6), 817-818. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.1562
3.7 The National Collaborating Centre for Methods and Tools. (2020). Rapid Review: How does physical distancing impact mental health? https://www.nccmt.ca/uploads/media/media/0001/02/7fd03688caef40692dbecc7f071b8fd8ef3f9cec.pdf
3.8 Blair, B., Grummett, K., Coles, C., Faulkner, A., House, E., Tuinema, J., & Simon, L. (2020). Mitigating Unintended Harms of COVID-19 Public Health Measures. https://www.simcoemuskokahealth.org/docs/default-source/COVID-/Mitigating-Harms/mitigating-unintended-harms-low-income-rapid-review_final.pdf?sfvrsn=4
3.9 Lei, L., Huang, X., Zhang, S., Yang, J., Yang, L., & Xu, M. (2020). Comparison of prevalence and associated factors of anxiety and depression among people affected by versus people unaffected by quarantine during the COVID-19 epidemic in southwestern China. Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research, 26, e924609-1.
3.10 Torales, J., O’Higgins, M., Castaldelli-Maia, J. M., & Ventriglio, A. (2020). The outbreak of COVID-19 coronavirus and its impact on global mental health. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 0020764020915212.
3.9 Banerjee, D. (2020). The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Elderly Mental Health. Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. Accepted Author Manuscript. doi 10.1002/gps.5320
3.10 Bharath, D. (2020, April 22). Suicide, help hotline calls soar in Southern California over coronavirus anxieties. Orange County Register. https://www.ocregister.com/2020/04/19/suicide-help-hotline-calls-soar-in-southern-california-over-coronavirus-anxieties/
3.11 Giallonardo, V., Sampogna, G., Del Vecchio, V., Luciano, M., Albert, U., Carmassi, C., ... & Pompili, M. (2020). The impact of quarantine and physical distancing following COVID-19 on mental health: Study protocol of a multicentric italian population trial. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11.
3.12 Vindegaard, N., & Benros, M. E. (2020). COVID-19 pandemic and mental health consequences: systematic review of the current evidence. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity.
3.13 Gold, J. A. (2020). Covid-19: adverse mental health outcomes for healthcare workers.
3.14 McIntyre, R. S. & Lee, Y. (2020). Projected increases in suicide in Canada as a consequence of COVID-19. Psychiatry Research, 290, 113103. doi https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113104
3.15 Canadian Mental Health Association, The University of British Columbia (2020). COVID-19 effects on the mental health of vulnerable populations. https://cmha.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/EN_UBC-CMHA-COVID19-Report-FINAL.pdf
3.16 Mayo Clinic (2020). COVID-19 and the Risk of Suicide. https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/coronavirus/in-depth/covid-19-suicide-risk/art-20490350
3.17 CMHA Waterloo Wellington. (2020). Here 24/7 Data.
3.18 Acute Care Enhanced Surveillance: ACES v01.2.6 Kingston: KFL&A Public Health. Date accessed: June 22, 2020.
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| Alcohol and Substance Use |
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4.1 Marsden, J., Darke, S., Hall, W., Hickman, M., Holmes, J., Humphreys, K., . . . West, R. (2020). Mitigating and learning from the impact of COVID‐19 infection on addictive disorders. Addiction, 115(6), 1007-1010. doi:10.1111/add.15080
4.2 Ornell, F., Moura, H.F., Scherer, J.N., Pechansky, F., Kessler, F.H.P., von Diemen, L. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on substance use: Implications for prevention and treatment. Psychiatry Research, 298, 113096, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2020.113096.
4.3 Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction. (2020). Alcohol and the immune system: 4 things you should know. https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2020-05/CCSA-COVID-19-Alcohol-Immune-System-Infographic-2020-en.pdf
4.4 Hobin, E., Smith, B. (2020) Is another public health crisis brewing beneath the COVID-19 pandemic? Canadian Journal of Public Health, https://doi.org/10.17269/s41997-020-00360-z
4.5 Nanos for the Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction. (2020). 25% of Canadians (aged 35-54) are drinking more while at home due to COVID-19 pandemic; cite lack of regular schedule, stress and boredom as main factors. https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2020-04/CCSA-NANOS-Alcohol-Consumption-During-COVID-19-Report-2020-en.pdf
4.6 Wellington Dufferin Guelph Public Health (WDGPH). FAST Overdose Alert Platform. Guelph, Ontario; 2020; Accessed September 23, 2020.
4.7 Canadian Substance Use Costs and Harms Scientific Working Group. (2018). Canadian substance use costs and harms in the provinces and territories (2007-2014). https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-05/CSUCH-Canadian-Substance-Use-Costs-Harms-Ontario-Infographic-2018-en.pdf
4.8 Department of Health & Social Care; Public Health England. (2020, May 29). COVID-19: guidance for commissioners and providers of services for people who use drugs or alcohol. https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/covid-19-guidance-for-commissioners-and-providers-of-services-for-people-who-use-drugs-or-alcohol/covid-19-guidance-for-commissioners-and-providers-of-services-for-people-who-use-drugs-or-alcohol
4.9 Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction. (2018, June) Decriminalization: Options and Evidence. https://www.ccsa.ca/sites/default/files/2019-04/CCSA-Decriminalization-Controlled-Substances-Policy-Brief-2018-en.pdf
4.10 Liem, S. (2018). Alcohol policy review. Opportunities for Ontario Municipalities. https://opha.on.ca/getattachment/11455cfb-624b-4729-95b4-2850d5924217/alcohol-review.pdf.aspx
4.11 Canada. (2019). Stigma: what we heard. The Chief Public Health Officer’s Report on the State of Public Health in Canada 2019 Addressing Stigma: Towards a More Inclusive Health System. https://www.canada.ca/content/dam/phac-aspc/documents/corporate/publications/chief-public-health-officer-reports-state-public-health-canada/addressing-stigma-what-we-heard/wwh-2019-12-17.pdf
4.12 Alexander, G.C., Stoller, K.B., Haffajee, R.L., Saloner, B. (2020). An Epidemic in the Midst of a Pandemic: Opioid Use Disorder and COVID-19. Annals of Internal Medicine, 1-3. doi:10.7326/M20-1141
4.13 Horesh, D., & Brown, A. D. (2020). Traumatic stress in the age of COVID-19: A call to close critical gaps and adapt to new realities. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 12(4), 331-335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/tra0000592
4.14 Coffin, P., Santos, G., Matheson, T., Behar, E., Rowe, C., . . . Vittinghoff., E. (2017). Behavioural intervention to reduce opioid overdose among high-risk persons with opioid use disorder: A pilot randomized controlled trial. PLoS ONE, 12(10), 100: e0183354. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0183354
4.15 Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addictio. (2020). Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on People Who Use Substances: What We Heard. https://www.ccsa.ca/impacts-covid-19-pandemic-people-who-use-substances-what-we-heard
4.16 Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration’s Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies task order. (2018). The Role of Adverse Childhood Experiences in Substance Misuse and Related Behavioral Health Problems. https://preventionsolutions.edc.org/sites/default/files/attachments/The-Role-of-Adverse-Childhood-Experiences-in-Substance-Misuse-and-Related-Behavioral-Health-Problems_1.pdf
4.17 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2020). What is COVID-19? And How Does it Relate to Child Development? https://developingchild.harvard.edu/resources/what-is-covid-19-and-how-does-it-relate-to-child-development/
4.18 Center on the Developing Child at Harvard University (2020). Toxic Stress. https://developingchild.harvard.edu/science/key-concepts/toxic-stress/
4.19 UNICEF Canada. The impact of COVID-19 on children in Canada: short, medium and long-term mitigation strategies [Internet]. Toronto, ON: UNICEF Canada; 2020 [updated 2020 April 17; cited 2020 May 12]. Available from: https://www.unicef.ca/en/press-release/impact-covid-19-children-canada-short-medium-and-long-term-mitigation-strategies
4.20 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). Violence Prevention. Risk Factors for Perpetration.
https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/intimatepartnerviolence/riskprotectivefactors.html
4.21 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020) Violence Prevention. Risk Factors and Protective Factors.https://www.cdc.gov/violenceprevention/childabuseandneglect/riskprotectivefactors.html
4.22 - Daley, D.C. (2013). Family and social aspects of substance use and treatment. Journal of Food and Drug Analysis 21(4) p. 573-576.
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| Employment |
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5.1 Statistics Canada. (2020, April 9). Guide to the Labour Force Survey. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/71-543-g/71-543-g2020001-eng.htm
5.2 Statistics Canada. (2020, July 10). Labour Force Survey, June 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200710/dq200710a-eng.htm
5.3 Statistics Canada. (2020, April 9). Labour Force Survey, March 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200409/dq200409a-eng.htm
5.4 Statistics Canada. (2020, May 8). Labour Force Survey, April 2020. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200508/dq200508a-eng.htm
5.5 The Guelph Census Metropolitan Area includes: The City of Guelph, The Township of Guelph/Eramosa, and the Township of Puslinch.
5.6 Statistics Canada. Table 14-10-0294-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, seasonally adjusted and unadjusted, last 5 months
5.7 Statistics Canada. Table 14-10-0097-01 Employment by industry, three-month moving average, unadjusted for seasonality, census metropolitan areas (x 1,000)
5.8 Statistics Canada. Table 14-10-0313-01 Employment by census metropolitan areas and occupation, three-month moving average, unadjusted for seasonality (x 1,000)
5.9 Statistics Canada. Table 14-10-0095-01 Labour force characteristics by census metropolitan area, three-month moving average, unadjusted for seasonality
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| People with Disabilities |
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7.1 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2020, September 16). Disability and health overview. https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/disability.html
7.2 World Health Organization. (2018, December 1). Disability and health. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/disability-and-health
7.3 Cloutier, E., Grondin, C., & Lévesque, A. l. (2018). Canadian survey on disability, 2017: Concepts and methods guide. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-654-x/89-654-x2018001-eng.htm
7.4 Statistics Canada. (2018, November 28). Canadians with disabilities: A demographic, employment and income profile. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/181128/dq181128a-eng.htm
7.5 Wall, K. (2017, August 11). Low income among persons with a disability in Canada. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/75-006-x/2017001/article/54854-eng.htm
7.6 Statistics Canada. (2020, August 27). Impacts of COVID-19 on persons with disabilities. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/daily-quotidien/200827/dq200827c-eng.htm
7.7 Dew, J., Britt, S., & Huston, S. (2012). Examining the Relationship Between Financial Issues and Divorce. Family Relations, 61(4), 615-628. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1741-3729.2012.00715.x
7.8 Gudmunson, C. G., Beutler, I. F., Israelsen, C. L., McCoy, J. K., & Hill, E. J. (2007). Linking financial strain to marital instability: Examining the roles of emotional distress and marital interaction. Journal of Family and Economic Issues, 28(3), 357-376. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-007-9074-7
7.9 Drum, C. E., Oberg, A., Cooper, K., & Carlin, R. (2020). COVID-19 & adults with disabilities: Health and health care access online survey summary report. https://www.aahd.us/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/COVID-19_Summary_Report.pdf
7.10 European Disability Forum. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on the lives of people with disabilities: Insight and stories from Bangladesh and Kenya. http://www.edf-feph.org/sites/default/files/i2i-covid19-survey-accessible.pdf
7.11 Courtenay, K., & Perera, B. (2020). COVID-19 and people with intellectual disability: Impacts of a pandemic. Ir J Psychol Med, 1-6. https://doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2020.45
7.12 Sabatello, M., Burke, T. B., McDonald, K. E., & Appelbaum, P. S. (2020). Disability, ethics, and health care in the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Public Health, 110(10), 1523-1527. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2020.305837
7.13 Jan, Y.-K., & Duplaga, M. (2017). Digital divide among people with disabilities: Analysis of data from a nationwide study for determinants of Internet use and activities performed online. PLoS One, 12(6). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0179825
7.14 Annaswamy, T. M., Verduzco-Gutierrez, M., & Frieden, L. (2020). Telemedicine barriers and challenges for persons with disabilities: Covid-19 and beyond. Disability and Health Journal, 100973. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dhjo.2020.100973
7.15 Noel, K., & Ellison, B. (2020). Inclusive innovation in telehealth. NPJ Digital Medicine, 3, 89. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41746-020-0296-5
7.16 Ontario Agency for Health Protection and Promotion (Public Health Ontario). (2020). Wearing masks in public and COVID-19 – what we know so far. https://www.publichealthontario.ca/-/media/documents/ncov/covid-wwksf/what-we-know-public-masks-apr-7-2020.pdf?la=en
7.17 Dorfman, D., & Raz, M. (2020, July 10). Mask exemptions during the COVID-19 pandemic: A new frontier for clinicians. https://jamanetwork.com/channels/health-forum/fullarticle/2768376
7.18 Collen, C. (2020, July 10). COVID-19 FAQs: Does wearing a mask affect your breathing?https://news.sanfordhealth.org/coronavirus-disease-2019-covid-19/breathing-with-face-mask/
7.19 Rosa, S. D. R. (2020). Some autistic people can’t tolerate face masks. Here’s how we’re managing with our son. https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2020/05/11/some-autistic-people-cant-tolerate-face-masks-heres-how-were-managing-with-our-son/
7.20 Thom, R., & Turner, K. (2020). Helping people with autism spectrum disorder manage masks and COVID-19 tests. https://www.health.harvard.edu/blog/helping-people-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-manage-masks-and-covid-19-tests-2020061020089
7.21 Rosa, S. D. R. (2020, May 11). Some autistic people can’t tolerate face masks. Here’s how we’re managing with our son. The Washington Post. https://www.washingtonpost.com/lifestyle/2020/05/11/some-autistic-people-cant-tolerate-face-masks-heres-how-were-managing-with-our-son/
7.22 Government of Ontario. (2020, November 20). Face coverings and face masks. https://www.ontario.ca/page/face-coverings-and-face-masks#section-1
7.23 Pearson, A. (2020). Mask exemptions for people with disabilities have not been made clear – and this threatens human rights. https://theconversation.com/mask-exemptions-for-people-with-disabilities-have-not-been-made-clear-and-this-threatens-human-rights-143862
7.24 DaSilva, T. (2020). COVID-19: Calgary mom ‘humiliated’ after daughter with disabilities refused entry to store over lack of mask. https://globalnews.ca/news/7370234/calgary-coronavirus-mask-policy-stores-disability/
7.25 Ontario New Democratic Party. (2020). Government must make in-home testing available for people with disabilities: NDP. https://www.ontariondp.ca/news/government-must-make-home-testing-available-people-disabilities-ndp
7.26 Mahal, I. (2020). Coronavirus has sped up Canada’s adoption of telemedicine: Let’s make that change permanent. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/coronavirus-has-sped-up-canadas-adoption-of-telemedicine-lets-make-that-change-permanent-134985
7.27 McQuigge, M. (2020). Ontario doctors, patient advocates say telemedicine spurred by COVID-19 pandemic is here to stay. https://globalnews.ca/news/7340619/ontario-telemedicine-virtual-appointments-coronavirus/
7.28 Hahmann, T., Badets, N., & Hughes, J. (2019). Indigenous people with disabilities in Canada: First Nations people living off reserve, Métis and Inuit aged 15 years and older. Statistics Canada. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-653-x/89-653-x2019005-eng.htm
7.29 Redman, J. (2020, November 9). Guelph Independent Living [Personal Communication].
7.30 Eshraghi, A. A., Li, C., Alessandri, M., Messinger, D. S., Eshraghi, R. S., Mittal, R., & Armstrong, F. D. (2020). COVID-19: Overcoming the challenges faced by individuals with autism and their families. Lancet Psychiatry, 7(6), 481-483. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(20)30197-8
7.31 Fontanesi, L., Marchetti, D., Mazza, C., Di Giandomenico, S., Roma, P., & Verrocchio, M. C. (2020). The effect of the COVID-19 lockdown on parents: A call to adopt urgent measures. Psychol Trauma, 12(S1), S79-S81. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0000672
7.32 Neece, C., McIntyre, L. L., & Fenning, R. (2020). Examining the impact of COVID-19 in ethnically diverse families with young children with intellectual and developmental disabilities. J Intellect Disabil Res, 64(10), 739-749. https://doi.org/10.1111/jir.12769
7.33 Martino, A. S., Schormans, A. F., & Campbell, M. (2020, August 5). COVID-19 has isolated disabled people from family, love, sex. The Conversation. https://theconversation.com/covid-19-has-isolated-disabled-people-from-family-love-sex-142262?utm_source=kitchenertoday.com&utm_campaign=kitchenertoday.com&utm_medium=referral
7.34 PooranLaw Professional Corporation. (2020, April 16). COVID-19: Ontario releases single-employer emergency order for long-term care sector. https://pooranlaw.com/covid-19-government-releases-single-employer-emergency-order-for-long-term-care-sector/
7.35 Abel, C., & Lai, J. (2020, October 2). Lack of financial support, poor data and insecure housing mean disabled and autistic Canadians will not get the help they need during the pandemic. Policy Options. https://policyoptions.irpp.org/magazines/october-2020/disabled-canadians-ignored-in-policies-on-covid-19/
7.36 Chadha, E. (2020, November 2). ‘Staying home’ during COVID-19 isn’t possible if you don’t have a home. TVO. https://www.tvo.org/article/staying-home-during-covid-19-isnt-possible-if-you-dont-have-a-home
7.37 Yang, J. (2020, April 18). ‘Window is closing’ to protect disabled community from a COVID-19 outbreak. Toronto Star. https://www.thestar.com/news/canada/2020/04/18/window-is-closing-to-protect-disabled-community-from-a-covid-19-outbreak.html
7.38 Warnica, R. (2020, May 1). Jane Philpott on life inside the care home where 95 per cent of the residents have COVID-19. National Post. https://nationalpost.com/news/jane-philpott-on-life-inside-the-care-home-where-95-per-cent-of-the-residents-have-covid-19/amp?__twitter_impression=true
7.39 Canadian Mental Health Association. (2020). COVID-19 effects on the mental health of vulnerable populations. https://cmha.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/06/EN_UBC-CMHA-COVID19-Report-FINAL.pdf
7.40 Seucharan, C. (2020). Some people with disabilities have been isolated in their care homes for months: Experts say it could lead to an ‘avalanche’ of mental-health issues. The Globe and Mail. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/canada/article-some-people-with-disabilities-have-been-isolated-in-their-care-homes/
7.41 Government of Canada. (2020, December 31). Canada’s COVID-19 economic response plan. https://www.canada.ca/en/department-finance/economic-response-plan.html
7.42 Government of Ontario. (2020, November 23). Social assistance. https://www.ontario.ca/page/social-assistance
7.43 United Nations. (2020). Policy brief: A disability-inclusive response to COVID-19. https://unsdg.un.org/sites/default/files/2020-05/Policy-Brief-A-Disability-Inclusive-Response-to-COVID-19.pdf
7.44 Federal Accessibility Legislation Alliance (2020). Accessible Canada Act in Plain Language. https://www.include-me.ca/federal-accessibility-legislation-alliance/resource/accessible-canada-act-plain-language
7.45 Wycherley, W. (2020, November 9). Family Counselling and Support Services for Guelph-Wellington [Personal Communication].
7.46 Thomson, G, Peter, E. (2020). How online course are affecting students with disabilities. https://www.aoda.ca/how-online-courses-are-affecting-students-with-disabilities/
7.47 Khan, G. (2020). COVID-19 has made universities more accessible for people with physical disabilities. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/montreal/disabilities-university-pandemic-access-distance-learning-1.5932146
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| Digital Divide: Access to the Internet and Digital Devices |
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6.1 Steele, C. (2019, February 22). What is the digital divide? Digital Divide Council. http://www.digitaldividecouncil.com/what-is-the-digital-divide/
6.2 Chen, B. (2015). Exploring the digital divide: The use of digital technologies in Ontario public schools. Canadian Journal of learning and Technology, 41(3), e1-e23.
6.3 ACORN Canada. Barriers to digital equity in Canada. (2019). https://acorncanada.org/sites/default/files//CIRA%20report_aug%201_0.pdf
6.4 Eberly, L., Khatana, S., Nathan, A., Snider, C., Julien, H., Deleener, M., & Adusumalli, S. (2020). Telemedicine outpatient cardiovascular care during the COVID-19 pandemic: Bridging or opening the digital divide? Circulation (New York, N.Y.), 142(5), 510-512. https://doi.org/10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.120.048185
6.5 Graham, J. (2020, April 16). COVID-19 is highlighting Canada’s digital divide. What can we do about it? Future of Good. https://futureofgood.co/covid-19-is-highlighting-canadas-digital-divide-what-can-we-do-about-it/
6.6 National Digital Inclusion Alliance. (2020). Definitions. https://www.digitalinclusion.org/definitions/
6.7 Hargittai, E. (2003). Digital divide and what to do about it. In D.C. Jones (Ed.), New economy handbook (pp. 822-841). Academic Press.
6.8 Breshears, S., & Smythe, S. (2017). ACORN Canada’s Protect Your Privacy-Online! educational program: An evaluation report prepared for ACORN Canada. ACORN Canada. https://acorncanada.org/sites/default/files/ACORN%20-%20OPC%20Final%20Report%20%281%29_0.pdf
6.9 Beaunoyer, E., Dupéré, S., & Guitton, M. (2020). COVID-19 and digital inequalities: Reciprocal impacts and mitigation strategies. Computers in Human Behavior, 111(2020), e1-e9. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2020.106424
6.10 Fang, M., Canham, S., Battersby, L., Sixsmith, J., Wada, M., & Sixsmith, A. (2019). Exploring privilege in the digital divide: Implications for theory, policy, and practice. The Gerontologist, 59(1), e1-e16. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny037
6.11 Canada Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. (2020). Communications monitoring report 2019 (Catalogue number: BC9-9E-PDF). https://crtc.gc.ca/pubs/cmr2019-en.pdf
6.12 Doherty, B. (2020, September 10). The digital divide has reached emergency status, experts say. Future of Good. https://futureofgood.co/digital-divide-emergency-status/
6.13 Statistics Canada. (2017). Census Profile. 2016 Census. Guelph, CY [census subdivision], Ontario and Wellington, CTY [census division], Ontario; Ontario [province] and Canada [country] (table) (Catalogue number: 98-316-X2016001). Prepared by Toward Common Ground. http://www12.statcan.gc.ca/census-recensement/2016/dp-pd/prof/index.cfm?Lang=E
6.14 Government of Canada. (2017). Towards a poverty reduction strategy – A backgrounder on poverty in Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/employment-social-development/programs/poverty-reduction/backgrounder.html
6.15 Lawford, J., & Lau, A. (2015). No consumer left behind: A Canadian affordability framework for communications services in a digital age. The Public Interest and Advocacy Centre. http://www.piac.ca/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/PIAC-No-Consumer-Left-Behind-Final-Report-English.pdf
6.16 Reitzes, D., Parker, J., Crimmins, T., & Ruel, E. (2017). Digital communications among homeless people: Anomaly or necessity? Journal of Urban Affairs, 39(2), 145-159. https://doi.org/10.1111/juaf.12310
6.17 Houle, R. (2020). Ethnicity, Language and Immigrant Thematic Series: Changes in the socioeconomic situation of Canada’s Black population, 2001 to 2016. https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/89-657-x/89-657-x2020001-eng.htm
6.18 Office of the Premier. (2020, June 3). Ontario improving broadband and cell service for rural communities. Government of Ontario Newsroom. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/57104/ontario-improving-broadband-and-cell-service-for-rural-communities
6.19 Canadian Internet Registration Authority. (2020, August 12). New internet performance data shows urban speeds improving while rural speeds plateau. https://www.cira.ca/newsroom/state-internet/new-internet-performance-data-shows-urban-speeds-improving-while-rural
6.20 Haight, M., Quan-Haase, A., & Corbett, B. (2014). Revisiting the digital divide in Canada: The impact of demographic factors on access to the internet, level of online activity, and social networking site usage. Information, Communication & Society, 17(4), 503-519. https://doi.orgre/10.1080/1369118x.2014.89163b
6.21 Nguyen, M., Gruber, J., Fuchs, J., Marler, W., Hunsaker, A., & Hargittai, E. (2020). Changes in digital communication during the COVID-19 global pandemic: Implications for digital inequality and future research. Social Media + Society, 6(3), 205630512094825–. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305120948255
6.22 Rehel, J. (2020, April 30). Focusing on digital equity to keep people connected: Telus donation helps address barriers for marginalized people. Alliance for Healthier Communities. https://www.allianceon.org/blog/Focusing-digital-equity-keep-people-connected-Telus-donation-helps-address-barriers
6.23 Katapally, T., & Kwabia, E. (2020, April 30). Countering COVID-19 mental health crises with digital health policy interventions. Johnson Shoyama Graduate School of Public Policy. https://www.schoolofpublicpolicy.sk.ca/research/publications/policy-brief/countering-covid-19-mental-health-crises-with-digital-health-policy-interventions.php
6.24 Chan, A. (2020, May 12). B.C. gives thousands of smartphones to homeless amid pandemic. CTV News. https://vancouverisland.ctvnews.ca/mobile/b-c-gives-thousands-of-smartphones-to-homeless-amid-pandemic-1.4935905
6.26 National Union of Public and General Employees. (2020, June 17). Inequality in work-from-home arrangements. https://nupge.ca/content/inequality-work-home-arrangements
6.27 United Nations. (2020). Policy brief: Education during COVID-19 and beyond. https://www.un.org/development/desa/dspd/wp-content/uploads/sites/22/2020/08/sg_policy_brief_covid-19_and_education_august_2020.pdf
6.28 Joosse, S. (2020, March 18). Online wellness resources to help you thrive in uncertain times. University of Guelph. https://www.uoguelph.ca/wellnessatwork/news/2020/03/online-wellness-resources-help-you-thrive-uncertain-times
6.29 Brooks, S., Webster, R., Smith, L., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N., & Rubin, G. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: Rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet (British Edition), 395(10227), 912-920. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(20)30460-8
6.30 Heponiemi, T., Jormanainen, V., Leemann, L., Manderbacka, K., Aalto, A. M., & Hyppönen, H. (2020). Digital divide in perceived benefits of online health care and social welfare services: National cross-sectional survey study. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(7), e17616.
6.31 Rafanelli, A. (2020, May 5). COVID-19 exposes digital divide in healthcare. Direct Relief. https://www.directrelief.org/2020/05/covid-19-exposes-digital-divide-in-healthcare/
6.32 Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission. (2020, August 12). Over 10,100 households in northern communities to have access to improved broadband Internet service. Government of Canada. https://www.canada.ca/en/radio-television-telecommunications/news/2020/08/over-10100-households-in-northern-communities-to-have-access-to-improved-broadband-internet-service.html
6.33 O’Brien, M. (2020, January 20). SWIFT announces Wellington County high-speed broadband expansion plan. Wellington County. https://www.wellington.ca/Modules/News/index.aspx?feedId=44678d8e-66d0-4745-9af9-31ac1a8c708d&newsId=44e2e95d-b7ff-4802-9bd6-7797ddafda7b
6.34 Khan, A. (2020, April 18). School boards deliver over 4,000 computers to students at home for online learning. Guelph Today. https://www.guelphtoday.com/coronavirus-covid-19-local-news/school-boards-deliver-over-4000-computers-to-students-at-home-for-online-learning-2261316
6.35 Chapman, T. (2019, May 29). Yes, cell phone plans in Canada are ridiculously expensive. Here’s why. McGill Policy Association. https://mcgillpolicyassociation.com/journal/2019/5/29/why-cell-phone-plans-in-canada-are-ridiculously-expensive
6.36 Thurton, D. (2020, May 25). Pandemic drives demands for universal affordable internet and cell plans. CBC News. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/pandemic-covid-coronavirus-internet-cell-1.5581605
6.37 Telus. (2020). Helping youth achieve independence. https://www.telus.com/en/about/company-overview/community-investment/how-we-give/cause-campaigns/mobility-for-good/
6.38 Telus. (2020). Connecting Canadians in need. https://www.telus.com/en/about/company-overview/community-investment/how-we-give/cause-campaigns/internet-for-good/
6.39 Telus. (2020). Ensuring digital accessibility for everyone. https://www.telus.com/en/about/company-overview/community-investment/how-we-give/cause-campaigns/tech-for-good
6.40 Hambly, H., & Lee, J. D. (2019). The rural telecommuter surplus in Southwestern Ontario, Canada. Telecommunications Policy, 43(3), 278-286. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.telpol.2018.07.009
6.41 Association of Municipalities Ontario. (2020). Broadband and cellular connectivity. https://www.amo.on.ca/AMO-Content/Broadband/BroadbandandCellularConnectivity
6.42 Association of Municipalities Ontario. (2020). Best practices for program funding design. https://www.amo.on.ca/AMO-Content/Broadband/BestPracticesforProgramFundingDesign
6.43 City and County of San Francisco. (2019). San Francisco digital equity strategic plan 2019-2024. https://sfmohcd.org/sites/default/files/SF_Digital_Equity_Strategic_Plan_2019.pdf
6.44 City of Seattle. (2016). Digital equity initiative action plan. https://www.seattle.gov/Documents/Departments/Tech/DigitalEquity_PhaseII.pdf
6.45 SWIFT. (2020). Approved projects. https://swiftruralbroadband.ca/projects/approved-projects/
6.46 Office of the Premier. (2020, November 4). Ontario investing nearly $1 billion to expand and improve broadband and cellular access. Government of Ontario Newsroom. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/59057/ontario-investing-nearly-1-billion-to-expand-and-improve-broadband-and-cellular-access
6.47 Personal correspondence (November 2020). Consumption and Treatment Service Staff, Guelph Community Health Centre
6.48 Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission (2020). What you should know about Internet speeds. https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/internet/performance.htm
6.50 McNally, M. (n.d.) House of Commons Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology-Broadband Connectivity in Rural Canada Brief. https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/Committee/421/INDU/Brief/BR9272661/br-external/VanHorneInstitute-e.pdf
6.51 Personal correspondence with Barry Field, Southwestern Integrated Fibre Technology (SWIFT)
6.52 R2B2/SWIFT. 2020. Wellington County User Survey Data Analysis 2017-2020, University of Guelph
6.53 Hambly, H., Worden D. & Ali, H. 2020. Final Report: Puslinch Township Broadband Data Analysis, August 31, 2020, Regional and Rural Broadband Project, University of Guelph, p.10.
6.54 Rajabiun & Hambly, 2019. R2B2 Policy Brief #2: Rural Fibre and 5th Generation Wireless - Substitutes or Complements?, University of Guelph, Available at: http://www.r2b2project.ca/publications-2/
6.55 Hambly, H., Worden D. & Ali, H. 2020. Final Report: Puslinch Township Broadband Data Analysis, August 31, 2020, Regional and Rural Broadband Project, University of Guelph.)
6.56 Benadiba, J. (2020). Beyond technology: Digital health as an enabler of integrated care. https://www.womenscollegehospital.ca/news-and-publications/connect/march-9,-2020/beyond-technology-digital-health-as-an-enabler-of-integrated-care
6.57 Rural Ontario Municipal Association (2020). Broadband Connectivity. A Municipal Roadmap. https://www.roma.on.ca/ROMA-Docs/Reports/2020/BroadbandConnectivityAMunicipalRoadmap.aspx
6.58 Armstrong, R.L. (2020). How Much Internet Speed You Need to Work from Home. https://www.highspeedinternet.com/resources/how-much-internet-speed-to-work-from-home
6.59 Pandey, N., & Pal, A. (2020). Impact of Digital Surge during Covid-19 Pandemic: A Viewpoint on Research and Practice. International Journal of Information Management, 102171.
6.60 Lai, J., & Widmar, N. O. (2020). Revisiting the Digital Divide in the COVID‐19 Era. Applied economic perspectives and policy.
6.61 House of Commons Canada (2018). Broadband Connectivity in Rural Canada: Overcoming the Digital Divide. Report to the Standing Committee on Industry, Science and Technology. https://www.ourcommons.ca/Content/Committee/421/INDU/Reports/RP9711342/indurp11/indurp11-e.pdf
6.62 Centre Wellington (2020). Free WiFi is now offered in downtown Elora & Fergus. https://www.centrewellington.ca/Modules/News/index.aspx?feedId=5148b770-704c-4c38-9c9d-dbb2f9e2fd8d,ac5a83c7-713b-4c6d-b758-d65053a38099&newsId=fa53ad5c-2e63-4eed-84b8-78206e21ffd4#
6.63 Seto, C. (2014). Downtown Guelph moving online with free public Wifi. https://www.guelphmercury.com/news-story/4910128-downtown-guelph-moving-online-with-free-public-wi-fi/
6.64 Personal Correspondence, Justine Dainard, County of Wellington, December, 2020.
6.65 CBC (January, 2021). Local Libraries help keep people connected online during the pandemic. https://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/wifi-hotspots-libraries-waterloo-region-guelph-kitchener-1.5863172
6.66 Rajabiun, R., Hambly, H., Worden, D. (2020). Policy Brief (03) - Broadband Infrastructure Quality Gaps in Ontario. Needs-Based Broadband Funding as Economic Stimulus. http://www.r2b2project.ca/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Policy-Brief-03-Nov-2020-1.pdf
6.67 County of Wellington (2020). SWIFT Announces Wellington County High-Speed Broadband Expansion Plan. https://www.wellington.ca/Modules/News/index.aspx?feedId=44678d8e-66d0-4745-9af9-31ac1a8c708d,59962eb8-8b65-41da-8794-e3abaebca375&newsId=44e2e95d-b7ff-4802-9bd6-7797ddafda7b
6.68 Government of Ontario (2019). Ontario Bringing High-speed Internet to Remote First Nation Communities. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/54219/ontario-bringing-high-speed-internet-to-remote-first-nation-communities
6.69 Government of Ontario (2021). Ontario Taking Action to Expand Access to Reliable Broadband. https://news.ontario.ca/en/release/60549/ontario-taking-action-to-expand-access-to-reliable-broadband
6.70 Government of Canada (2021). Universal Broadband Fund. https://www.ic.gc.ca/eic/site/139.nsf/eng/h_00006.html
6.71 Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunication Commission (2021). Broadband Fund Closing the digital divide in Canada. https://crtc.gc.ca/eng/internet/internet.htm
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| Older Adults |
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1. Meisner, B., Boscart, V., Gaudreau, P., Stolee, P., Ebert, P., Heyer, M., . . . Wilson, K. (2020). Interdisciplinary and collaborative approaches needed to determine impact of COVID-19 on older adults and aging: CAG/ACG and CJA/RCV joint statement. Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue Canadienne Du Vieillissement, 39(3), 333-343. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0714980820000203
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021, August 2). COVID-19 risks and vaccine information for older adults. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/need-extra-precautions/older-adults.html
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